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Invasive grassland/shrubland birds used as indicators in the Heinz Report on The State of the Nation's Ecosystems
Following is a list of the 15 invasive species included in the Population Trends in Invasive and Non-Invasive Grassland/Shrubland Birds portion of The Heinz Center's 2002 report called "The State of the Nation's Ecosystems." These species occur in Breeding Bird Survey Physiographic Strata, or regions, numbers 6-8, 32-56 and 80-91. Scientific names for each species are linked to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System. You will note that a species can be considered both native and invasive according to the definition used here.
|
Genus species |
Common
name
|
Reason
considered invasive**
|
Origin*
|
| Corvus brachyrhynchos | American crow | habitat conversion to agriculture | Alaska,
Native Canada, Native Continental US, Native |
| Turdus migratorius | American robin | habitat fragmentation due to suburban development | Alaska,
Native Canada, Native Caribbean Territories, Incidental Continental US, Native |
| Pica pica | black-billed magpie | habitat conversion and fragmentation | Alaska,
Native Canada, Native Continental US, Native |
| Molothrus aeneus | bronzed cowbird | forage in association with livestock | Continental US, Native |
| Molothrus ater | brown-headed cowbird | forage in association with livestock | Alaska,
Native Canada, Native Continental US, Native |
| Bubulcus ibis | cattle egret | Old World native, habitat conversion to agriculture, and forage in association with livestock | Continental US, Native |
| Quiscalus quiscula | common grackle | habitat fragmentation and conversion to agriculture | Alaska,
Native Canada, Native Continental US, Native |
| Sturnus vulgaris | European starling | Old World native | Alaska,
Introduced Canada, Introduced Caribbean Territories, Introduced Continental US, Introduced Hawaii, Incidental |
| Perdix perdix | gray partridge | Old World native and habitat conversion to agriculture | Canada,
Introduced Continental US, Introduced |
| Quiscalus mexicanus | great-tailed grackle | habitat conversion to agriculture | Canada,
Incidental Continental US, Native Hawaii, Incidental |
| Carpodacus mexicanus | house finch | habitat fragmentation due to suburban development | Alaska,
Incidental Canada, Native Continental US, Native & Introduced Hawaii, Introduced |
| Passer domesticus | house sparrow | Old World native | Alaska,
Introduced Canada, Introduced Caribbean Territories, Introduced Continental US, Introduced Hawaii, Introduced |
| Zenaida macroura | mourning dove | habitat conversion and fragmentation | Alaska,
Native Canada, Native Caribbean Territories, Native Continental US, Native Hawaii, Introduced |
| Phasianus colchicus | ring-neck pheasant | Old World native, habitat conversion to agriculture | Canada,
Introduced Continental US, Introduced Hawaii, Introduced |
| Columba livia | rock dove or house pigeon | Old World native, habitat conversion, and fragmentation | Canada,
Introduced Caribbean Territories, Introduced Central Pacific Territories, Introduced Continental US, Introduced Hawaii, Introduced |
| Central Pacific Territories - Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll (Johnston Island), Kingman Reef, Palmyra, Midway Islands, and Wake Island. | |||
| Caribbean Territories - the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands (St. John, St. Thomas, and small surrounding islands), and Navassa Island. | |||
| * According to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System | |||
| ** According to The Heinz Report technical note. | |||
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